{"id":602,"date":"2013-04-06T11:56:08","date_gmt":"2013-04-06T09:56:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plouguerneau.net\/les-metiers-de-la-mer-a-plouguerneau-entre-1836-et-1911\/"},"modified":"2013-04-06T11:56:08","modified_gmt":"2013-04-06T09:56:08","slug":"les-metiers-de-la-mer-a-plouguerneau-entre-1836-et-1911","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/appriou.bzh\/index.php\/les-metiers-de-la-mer-a-plouguerneau-entre-1836-et-1911\/","title":{"rendered":"Les M\u00e9tiers de la Mer \u00e0 Plouguerneau entre 1836 et 1911"},"content":{"rendered":"


\nLES M\u00c9TIERS DE LA MER A PLOUGUERNEAU ENTRE 1836 et 1911<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/center>Article complet au format pdf sur CALAMEO en cliquant ici<\/span><\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1 \u2013 La Commune de Plouguerneau<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Au bord de la Manche, Plouguerneau est bord\u00e9e par quarante-cinq kilom\u00e8tres d\u2019une c\u00f4te escarp\u00e9e et parfois dangereuse \u00e0 la navigation.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

A Plouguerneau, comme souvent dans les communes c\u00f4ti\u00e8res du L\u00e9on, la campagne se compose d’une zone \u00ab Arvor \u00bb et d’une zone \u00ab M\u00e9nez \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Pour Plouguerneau, l’Arvor couvre une bande de 1 \u00e0 2 km le long la c\u00f4te et le M\u00e9nez l’int\u00e9rieur de la commune, le bourg \u00e9tant le lien entre ces deux zones.<\/p>\n

La mer est donc tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 Plouguerneau et les habitations de la commune, aujourd’hui, se trouvent principalement dans la partie \u00ab Arvor \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Cette population, aujourd’hui, travaille peu avec la Mer. Il reste quelques p\u00eacheurs, quelques mareyeurs et autres professionnels ( go\u00e9moniers, industriels des algues, \u2026).<\/p>\n

Mais qui \u00e9taient les habitants du bord de mer il y a cent ou deux cent ans et que faisaient-ils ? Et aussi comment et pourquoi les m\u00e9tiers du bord de mer ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 pendant cette p\u00e9riode ?<\/p>\n

C’est \u00e0 ces questions que cherche \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre cet article \u00e0 partir des recensements de la commune entre 1836 et 1911.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2 \u2013 Les M\u00e9tiers en relation avec la mer entre 1836 et 1911<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

M\u00e9tiers
\nde la Mer<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1836<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1841<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1846<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1851<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1856<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1861<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1866<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1872<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1876<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1881<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1891<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1901<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1911<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

P\u00eache<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

27<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

69<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

47<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

134<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

P\u00eacheur<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

22<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

26<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

54<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

113<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Enfant
\nde + 16 ans<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Go\u00e9mon<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

90<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

112<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

161<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

199<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

65<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

189<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Cultivateur-Go\u00e9monier<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Go\u00e9monier<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

62<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

94<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

111<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

134<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

56<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

128<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

13<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Enfant
\nde + 16 ans<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

17<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

16<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Go\u00e9moni\u00e8re<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

16<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Marin<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Matelot<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Matelot
\nde Commerce<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ex
\nMatelot<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Retrait\u00e9
\nMarine<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Pilote<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Associ\u00e9s<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

M\u00e9tiers
\ndu Bois<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

28<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

13<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Charpentier<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

28<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Menuisier<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Constructeur bateau <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Batelier
\n(du Passage)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Douanier<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

16<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

16<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ex
\nDouanier<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Gardien
\nde Phare<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Guetteur
\nS\u00e9maphore<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Syndic
\ndes Marins<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ex
\nSyndic<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ce tableau est la reprise des donn\u00e9es des recensements qui avaient lieu, normalement, tous les 5 ans (exception de 1871 qui fut fait en 1872).<\/p>\n

Leurs valeurs de ces recensements d\u00e9pendent du travail de la personne ou des personnes ayant effectu\u00e9s ces derniers.<\/p>\n

La lecture des documents \u00e9tant en certaines occasions difficiles, il faut surtout retenir une notion de valeur plut\u00f4t que les valeurs exactes des donn\u00e9es de ce tableau.<\/p>\n

Ils d\u00e9pendent aussi de la notion du m\u00e9tier principal d\u00e9clar\u00e9 par le p\u00e8re de famille, un seul m\u00e9tier \u00e9tant indiqu\u00e9 sur les registres \u00e0 l’exception de \u00ab Cultivateur-Go\u00e9monier \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Autre particularit\u00e9 : seules \u00e9taient prises en compte les habitants r\u00e9sidant sur la commune. Les soldats, les marins d’\u00e9tats, les marins de commerces, \u2026 n’\u00e9taient pas recens\u00e9s m\u00eame si leur habitation principale se trouvait \u00e0 Plouguerneau o\u00f9 habitaient, par ailleurs, leurs femmes et leurs enfants.<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9tiers d\u00e9clar\u00e9s \u00e9voluaient. Par exemple ARZUR Joseph est Cultivateur en 1861, P\u00eacheur \u00e0 Kergleuz en 1891 et Go\u00e9monier \u00e0 Th\u00e9vezan Vraz en 1901.<\/p>\n

Certains m\u00e9tiers pouvaient n’\u00eatre que partiellement en relation avec la mer. C’est le cas des m\u00e9tiers du bois. On ne peut savoir si un charpentier ou menuisier \u00e9tait en relation avec le milieu marin sauf pour les constructeurs de bateaux.<\/p>\n

Autres exemples d’\u00e9volution, on retrouve les m\u00eames habitants d\u00e9clar\u00e9s constructeurs de bateaux sur certains recensements et charpentiers pour d’autres.<\/p>\n

A la lecture de ce tableau, plusieurs constatations rapides :<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9volution entre 1841 (moins de 5 habitants en relation avec la mer) et 1861 (plus de 100 habitants en relation avec la mer)
\nLa notion de m\u00e9tier de go\u00e9monier n’appara\u00eet qu’en 1861
\nLa m\u00e9tier de p\u00eacheur ne devient important qu’\u00e0 partir de 1846 et plus encore en 1851
\nLa pr\u00e9sence d’un nombre important de douaniers mais en forte diminution \u00e0 partir de 1866
\nLa diminution du nombre de p\u00eacheurs de 1856 \u00e0 1881 inversement \u00e0 l’augmentation du nombre de go\u00e9moniers
\nLa fluctuation de nombre de personnes travaillant le go\u00e9mon : de 199 \u00e0 80 de 1876 \u00e0 1881, de 65 \u00e0 189 de 1891 \u00e0 1901, 189 \u00e0 18 de 1901 \u00e0 1911<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n


\nLes CHAPITRES 3 \u00e0 7 (d\u00e9tail de l’article) sont \u00e0 lire au format pdf sur CALAMEO en cliquant <\/strong> ICI<\/strong><\/a><\/span>.
\n<\/span><\/center><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3 \u2013 Les Go\u00e9moniers<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4 \u2013 Les P\u00eacheurs<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

5 \u2013 Les Gardiens de Phare et Guetteurs de S\u00e9maphore<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6 \u2013 Les Douaniers<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

7 \u2013 Les M\u00e9tiers du bois<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

8 \u2013 Conclusion<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re conclusion est que la commune au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle est et restera principalement une commune agricole.<\/p>\n

En 1836, premier recensement \u00e9tudi\u00e9, les m\u00e9tiers tourn\u00e9s vers la mer sont presque inexistants (hors les douaniers).<\/p>\n

En 1846, une communaut\u00e9 de p\u00eacheurs appara\u00eet. En 1851 avec 31 habitants d\u00e9clar\u00e9s, ils repr\u00e9sentent moins de 2 % de la population des hommes de plus de 16 ans.<\/p>\n

Dans la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, la vie des habitants du bord de c\u00f4te va \u00eatre profond\u00e9ment modifi\u00e9e. Deux m\u00e9tiers vont prendre une grande importance : le go\u00e9mon et la p\u00eache et vont remplacer (ou plut\u00f4t compl\u00e9ter) les anciens m\u00e9tiers de petits cultivateurs ou journaliers.<\/p>\n

En 1872 et 1911, la population des hommes dont les m\u00e9tiers sont tourn\u00e9s vers la mer varie dans une fourchette de 150 \u00e0 200 personnes. Cela revient \u00e0 environ 10% de hommes de la commune.<\/p>\n

Si l’on ne prend que les secteurs de Tr\u00e9m\u00e9nac’h et l’Armorique (environ 35 % des hommes de la commune), cela repr\u00e9sente entre 30 et 40 % des hommes de ces deux secteurs.<\/p>\n

Et si l’on prend que les villages de bord de c\u00f4te de ces deux pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents secteurs (exemple : Le Reun, Kervenni, Perros, \u2026) cela repr\u00e9sente souvent plus de 60 % des hommes de ces villages.<\/p>\n

Les autres m\u00e9tiers de bord de mer restent secondaires et sont souvent exerc\u00e9s par des hommes n’\u00e9tant pas n\u00e9s sur la commune : douaniers, gardiens de phare et de s\u00e9maphore, \u2026<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9tiers du bois sont difficilement \u00e9valuables (sauf la construction de bateaux qui ne semblent d\u00e9marrer r\u00e9ellement qu’\u00e0 partir de 1911).<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9volution des m\u00e9tiers dans cette seconde moiti\u00e9 du XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle a eu, s\u00fbrement, comme cons\u00e9quence le peu d’exode de ces petits paysans vers les villes (Brest, Paris, \u2026) comme constat\u00e9 dans beaucoup d’autres communes du Finist\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Autre cons\u00e9quence, le nombre d’habitants des secteurs de Tr\u00e9m\u00e9nac’h et de l’Armorique n\u00e9s sur d’autres communes : autour de 1 % et encore souvent des habitants exer\u00e7ant des m\u00e9tiers bien pr\u00e9cis : Gardiens de Phare, Instituteurs, Commer\u00e7ants, …<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Annexe \u2013 Bibliographie :<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(1) Patrick Denieul <\/strong> :
\n– Vieux M\u00e9tiers Bretons \u2013 Editions Le T\u00e9l\u00e9gramme ( 2001 )<\/p>\n

(2) Jean-Pierre Hirrien<\/strong> :
\n– Le Pagan et la Mer \u2013 Editions Label LN ( 2007 )<\/p>\n

(3) Pierre Arzel<\/strong> :
\n– Les Go\u00e9moniers \u2013 Le chasse-mar\u00e9e \u00e9ditions de l’estran ( 1987 )<\/p>\n

Version 1 : Avril 2013<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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